1. priapism的可能原因:
-low-flow: blood accumulate in cavernosa.
sickle cell anemia, malaria, leukemia
-high-flow: arterial fistula due to trauma
-others: CO intoxication, malaria, CNS syphilis, infection,
Fabry's disease (fat accumulate), penile tumor
2. wasp sting with ARF. why?
direct toxin to venom of muscle that caused:
-acute tubular necrosis
-acute interstitial nephritis
-pigment nephropathy (from thabdomyolysis, or intravenous hymolysis)
-anaphylactic reaction with hypotension
3. thrombocytosis的可能原因:
primary: essential-->比較會造成thrombosis or bleeding tendency
臨床可見: 1) erythromelagia-肢端腫痛
but pulse intact (microvasculat thrombosis)
2) CVA-chronic dizziness, headache, neurological deficit
3) recurrent spontaneous abortion especially
infection, acute blood loss, IDA, hemolytic anemia, drug....
*DDx: bleeding or thrombosis, BM有plt碎片,splenomegaly (40%)可見於primary的病人
4. basophilic stippling的可能原因:
chronic lead poisoning, thalassemia, acute blood loss, severe
virB12 deficiency
-low-flow: blood accumulate in cavernosa.
sickle cell anemia, malaria, leukemia
-high-flow: arterial fistula due to trauma
-others: CO intoxication, malaria, CNS syphilis, infection,
Fabry's disease (fat accumulate), penile tumor
2. wasp sting with ARF. why?
direct toxin to venom of muscle that caused:
-acute tubular necrosis
-acute interstitial nephritis
-pigment nephropathy (from thabdomyolysis, or intravenous hymolysis)
-anaphylactic reaction with hypotension
3. thrombocytosis的可能原因:
primary: essential-->比較會造成thrombosis or bleeding tendency
臨床可見: 1) erythromelagia-肢端腫痛
but pulse intact (microvasculat thrombosis)
2) CVA-chronic dizziness, headache, neurological deficit
3) recurrent spontaneous abortion especially
infection, acute blood loss, IDA, hemolytic anemia, drug....
*DDx: bleeding or thrombosis, BM有plt碎片,splenomegaly (40%)可見於primary的病人
4. basophilic stippling的可能原因:
chronic lead poisoning, thalassemia, acute blood loss, severe
virB12 deficiency
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